The difference between spherical roller bearings and cylindrical roller bearings

 Spherical roller bearing

Spherical roller bearings have two rows of rollers and are inseparable bearings. Mainly bear radial load, but also can bear axial load in any direction. It has high radial load capacity and is especially suitable for working under heavy load or vibration load. The outer ring raceway of this type of bearing is spherical, so its self-aligning performance is good and can compensate for coaxiality errors.

Spherical roller bearings have two types of inner holes: cylindrical and conical, and the taper of the conical taper hole is 1:30 and 1:12. This conical inner hole bearing is equipped with an adapter sleeve or a withdrawal sleeve. The tapered inner hole self-aligning ball bearing can be easily and quickly assembled on the optical shaft or the stepped machine shaft.

Spherical roller bearing models are: Spherical Roller Bearing (20000CC Type); Tapered Bore Spherical Roller Bearing (20000CCK Type); Spherical Roller Bearing (20000CC/W33 Type); Tapered Bore Spherical Roller Bearing ( 20000CCK/W33 type); spherical roller bearing mounted on the adapter sleeve (20000CCK+H type); spherical roller bearing mounted on the adapter sleeve (20000CCK/W33+H type) a total of 6 kinds.

Cylindrical Roller Bearings

Cylindrical rollers and raceways are linear contact bearings. Load capacity, mainly bear radial load. The friction between the rolling element and the rib of the ring is small, which is suitable for high-speed rotation. According to whether the ring has ribs or not, it can be divided into: NU, NJ, NUP, N, NF and other single-row cylindrical roller bearings and NNU, NN and other double-row cylindrical roller bearings. The bearing is a structure in which the inner ring and the outer ring can be separated.

Features of cylindrical roller bearings:

1. The roller and the raceway are in line contact or trimmed line contact, and the radial bearing capacity is large, which is suitable for bearing heavy loads and impact loads.

2. The friction coefficient is small, suitable for high speed, and the limit speed is close to that of deep groove ball bearings.

3. N type and NU type can move axially, which can adapt to the change of the relative position of the shaft and the shell caused by thermal expansion or installation error, and can be used as free end support.

4. The processing requirements for the shaft or seat hole are high. After the bearing is installed, the relative deflection of the outer ring axis should be strictly controlled to avoid contact stress concentration.

5. The inner ring or outer ring can be separated for easy installation and removal.

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Application of bearings in the industry

 

The result of a motor without bearings is that the foundation cannot work. Because the shaft may move in any direction, and the motor requires that the shaft can only roll. On the surface, it is impossible to realize the benefits of transmission. Not only so, the bearing will also affect the transmission. In order to reduce this influence, it is necessary to achieve good lubrication on the bearings of the high-speed shaft. Some bearings themselves have been lubricated, which is called pre-lubricated bearings. Most of the bearings must have lubricating oil, which is responsible for high-speed operation, because the conflict will not only increase the energy consumption, but also terrifyingly easily damage the bearings.

The argument to turn sliding conflicts into rolling conflicts is one-sided, because there is something called a sliding bearing.

Advantages in the bearing industry:

1. Endurance bearings for rolling and pressing machinery and equipment in smelters, mines and iron and steel plants.

2. High-demand bearings for power equipment in power plants, gas turbines and motor plants. Most of this type of equipment is in continuous operation, the shaft bears a lot of force, it is difficult to assemble and disassemble, and it is inconvenient to replace, so the bearing quality is required to be very stable, wear-resistant and pressure-resistant. Ordinary manufacturers accept more imports, such as Swedish SKF bearings, German FAG bearings, Japanese NSK bearings, NTN bearings and other imported bearing brands.

Third, printing, packaging machinery, food machinery plastics, chemical fiber machinery, film stretching, and so on. With the development of science and technology, this kind of mechanical equipment has been continuously improved, and the changes have advanced by leaps and bounds; Most of the conveyor belts are spherical bearings imported from NSK bearings, which are easy to install, beautiful and modern, and easy to replace, and are deeply loved by users. The tension part of the main engine also accepts inlet bearings. At the same time, link bearings, one-way bearings, guide bearings, needle roller bearings, BOPP, PVC stretch film equipment are equipped with high temperature bearings in the drying box.

Fourth, textile, dyeing, shoe-making, tobacco machinery selection of bearings. This type of bearing is small and exquisite, efficient and durable, requires high speed and low noise, and cannot be produced by non-powerful famous factories. Because of its special equipment, different designs, and different bearings, it is generally impossible to prepare the stock, and it is not easy to find it by chance (only customers who often come and go can inquire about it in case of emergency), so it is recommended that users do Use one to prepare one to avoid waiting for parts to stop work and affect production.

5. Bearings are selected for beer, beverage equipment and medical equipment. Bearings are selected for crushing, ceramic machinery and fine chemical machinery. The working environment of this type of equipment is poor, and there are many influences such as water mist, moisture, dust, acid and alkali, etc., which require strong bearing sealing, sufficient and reasonable amount of grease, and can increase grease when necessary.

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Common Failure Modes and Condition Monitoring Methods of Rolling Bearings

 

As important basic rotating machinery parts in various industrial fields, rolling bearings are widely used. According to statistics, about 30% of the mechanical failures in our country are caused by bearing damage, so its operating state has a huge impact on the normal operation of the equipment. During the operation of the rolling bearing, the temperature of the bearing increases due to lack of oil, lack of oil or collision, friction, etc., and the phenomenon of "burning shaft" will occur; the bearing is damaged due to fatigue wear, indentation, cracks, surface peeling, adhesion and impurities. , resulting in impact vibration, which will cause the foundation anchor bolts to vibrate and break, the bearings to burn out, and the bearing bushes to fly out.

Once a failure occurs, it will not only seriously affect the normal operation of the entire machine, but also may cause personal injury and bring huge economic losses to the enterprise. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the running state of rolling bearings to avoid sudden failures. Let's take a look at the forms of bearing failure and the commonly used condition monitoring methods.

one

Common failure forms of rolling bearings

Rolling bearings may fail due to various reasons during operation, such as improper assembly, poor lubrication, stress corrosion and overloading, which may lead to premature bearing failure. There are many failure forms of rolling bearing failures, which may generally be classified into four types: wear failure, fatigue failure, fracture failure, and glue failure.

1. Wear failure.

Poor lubrication conditions of rolling bearings or the presence of dust or deterioration in the lubricant causes direct contact between the rotating parts of the bearing, resulting in mechanical friction or wear of tiny particles. Continuous bearing wear increases bearing clearance and equipment vibration.

2. Fatigue failure.

The main cause of fatigue failure of rolling bearings is the alternating stress caused by the load. When the shaft rotates at high speed, due to the repeated impact of the huge alternating contact stress of the bearing, fatigue pitting corrosion occurs on the metal surface of the bearing element, spalling occurs, and small pits are formed.

3. Fracture failure.

When the bearing load is too large, stress concentration occurs in a certain part of the bearing when it is impacted, and pitting corrosion causes cracks, which in turn causes the bearing components to break.

4. The gluing fails.

Gluing refers to the bearing failure caused by the partial fusion of the raceway and the rolling element surface due to overheating. It is often caused by high speed, high temperature, heavy load and poor lubrication.

two

Main Condition Monitoring Methods of Rolling Bearings

The condition monitoring technology for rolling bearings mainly includes vibration signal analysis, bearing lubrication condition monitoring, oil analysis, temperature monitoring, etc.

1. Vibration signal analysis and diagnosis method

Among the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis methods of various rolling bearings, the vibration signal analysis and diagnosis method has the strongest coverage for different failure modes (fault locations) of the bearing, and is also the most widely used.

When there is local damage on the surface of the rolling bearing element, the bearing will generate periodic pulse excitation during operation, and the pulse is a broadband signal. Below), mid-band spectrum (1~20KHz), high-band spectrum (above 20KHz).

2. Bearing lubrication state monitoring and diagnosis method

When the lubrication state of the bearing rolling surface changes, such as from complete liquid lubrication to dry friction, the proportion of time in direct metal-to-metal contact increases, the shock pulse value also increases, and the oil film resistance decreases. In view of this phenomenon, two monitoring methods are commonly used in practical work: the oil film thickness method and the oil film resistance diagnosis method.

3. Oil analysis and diagnosis method

The main ways of rolling bearing failure are wear, fracture and corrosion, etc. The main reason is improper lubrication. Therefore, by systematically analyzing the lubricating oil used during operation, and testing the content of various abrasive particles in the oil, you can understand the lubrication and lubrication of the bearing. Wear state, make early forecasts for various hidden troubles, find out the causes and locations of failures, and take timely measures to prevent the occurrence of malignant accidents.

4. Temperature monitoring and diagnosis method

As a rotating machine, the rolling bearing will generate heat on its surface during operation. If some kind of damage occurs, its temperature changes, so bearing temperature can be monitored to diagnose bearing failure.

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